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Shcherbakov Shche-2
The Shcherbakov Shche-2 ((ロシア語:Ще-2)), also known as the TS-1 and nicknamed "Pike",〔 was a twin-engined utility aircraft manufactured in the Soviet Union, designed by Alexei Shcherbakov for construction by OKB-47, to meet an urgent requirement for a light transport and liaison aircraft for operation by the Soviet Air Force during the Second World War. Proving to be successful, it remained in service for a number of years post-war in both civilian and military roles in the Soviet Union, and with the air forces of several allied nations. 550 built, in use until 1956 (USSR) and 1960 (foreign users).
==Design and development==
The German invasion of the USSR revealed that there was an urgent requirement for a light transport and utility aircraft for use by the Soviet Air Force at the front. To meet this requirement, Aleksei Shcherbakov, who had previously worked at the Kalinin design bureau, and who had also heavily influenced the design of the Polikarpov I-153 fighter before conducting work on pressure cabins and gliders,〔Donald 1997, p. 829.〕 was directed to design and develop an aircraft that received the designation "TS-1".〔
A cabin monoplane of semi-cantilever, high-wing configuration, the TS-1 was designed to minimise the use of strategic materials, utilising mostly wood in the construction of its remarkably streamlined airframe, and being powered by two readily available Shvetsov M-11 radial engines.〔("Aircraft of the Soviet and Russian forces". ) Marshall University History Dept. via ''ibiblio.org'' archive. Accessed 2010-05-10.〕 Parts of the Lavochkin La-5 aircraft were also used, along with undercarriage parts from the Ilyushin Il-2.〔("Sche-2". ) ''airwar.ru''. . Accessed 2010-05-19.〕 The aircraft was equipped with a fixed, conventional taildragger undercarriage, and a twin-fin tail was also utilised.〔
Test-flown in late 1942 and early 1943, the aircraft, by now having been redesignated Shche-2,〔 proved to be capable of meeting the requirement, and production began in October 1943〔 at ''OKB-47'', the bureaux being established at Chkalov〔Dexter 2000.〕 for use by Yakovlev, but being transferred to Shcherbakov's control for the manufacture of his type.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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